Determinants of the Human Development Index in Pakpak Bharat Regency, Indonesia

Abstract

This study analyzes the factors influencing the Human Development Index (HDI) in Pakpak Bharat Regency, Indonesia, from 2010 to 2022, focusing on the roles of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), education, and poverty. Secondary data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and other supporting sources form the basis of this research. The analysis employs multiple linear regression along with classical assumption tests, including normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, and autocorrelation, as well as t-tests, F-tests, and the coefficient of determination. The results indicate that GRDP and education have significant positive effects on the HDI, while poverty has a negative but statistically insignificant impact. Collectively, GRDP, education, and poverty significantly influence the HDI, explaining 99.27% of its variance, with the remaining 0.73% attributable to unexamined factors such as healthcare, per capita income, and others. These findings underscore the critical interplay of economic and social variables in driving human development and provide a robust basis for targeted policy interventions in the region.